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Lightning Protection Guide
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complete PDF [8 MB] · 11/07
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1. State of the Art for the installation of lightning protection systems
1.1 Installation standards
1.2 Work contracts
1.3 Product standards
2. Characteristics of lightning current
2.1 Lightning discharge and sequence of lightning
current
2.2 Peak value of lightning current
2.3 Steepness of lightning current
2.4 Charge of lightning current
2.5 Specific energy
2.6 Assignment of lightning current parameters to lightning protection levels
3. Designing a lightning protection system
3.1 Necessity of a lightning protection system - legal regulations
3.2 Assessment of the risk of damage and selection of protective components
3.2.1 Risk Management
3.2.2 Fundamentals of risk assessment
3.2.3 Frequency of lightning strikes
3.2.4 Probabilities of damage
3.2.5 Types of loss and sources of damage
3.2.6 Loss factor
3.2.7 Relevant risk components for different lightning strikes
3.2.8 Tolerable risk of lightning damage
3.2.9 Choice of lightning protection measures
3.2.10 Economic losses / Economic efficiency of protective measures
3.2.11 Summary
3.2.12 Designing aids
3.3 Inspection and maintenance
3.3.1 Types of inspection and qualification of the inspectors
3.3.2 Inspection measures
3.3.3 Documentation
3.3.4 Maintenance
4. Lightning protection system
5. External lightning protection
5.1 Air-termination systems
5.1.1 Designing methods and types of air-termination systems
5.1.2 Air-termination systems for buildings with gable roofs
5.1.3 Air-termination systems for flat-roofed structures
5.1.4 Air-termination systems on metal roofs
5.1.5 Principle of an air-termination system for structures with thatched roof
5.1.6 Walkable and trafficable roofs
5.1.7 Air-termination system for green and flat roofs
5.1.8 Isolated air-termination systems
5.1.9 Air-termination system for steeples and churches
5.1.10 Air-termination systems for wind turbines (WT)
5.1.11 Wind load stresses on lightning protection air-termination rods
5.2 Down-conductor system
5.2.1 Determination of the number of down-conductors
5.2.2 Down-conductor system for a non-isolated lightning protection
system
5.2.2.1 Installation of down-conductors systems
5.2.2.2 Natural components of a down-conductor system
5.2.2.3 Measuring points
5.2.2.4 Internal down-conductor systems
5.2.2.5 Courtyards
5.2.3 Down conductors of an isolated external lightning protection system
5.2.4 High voltag-resistant, isolated down-conductor system - HVI conductor
5.2.4.1 Installation and performance of the isolated down-conductor
system HVI
5.2.4.2 Installation examples
5.2.4.3 Project example: Training and residential building
5.2.4.4 Separation distance
5.3 Materials and minimum dimensions for air-termination conductors and down conductors
5.4 Assembly dimensions for air-termination and down-conductor systems
5.4.1 Change in length of metal wires
5.4.2 External lightning protection system for an industrial structure and
a residential house
5.4.3 Application tips for mounting roof conductor holders
5.5 Earth-termination systems
5.5.1 Earth-termination systems in accordance with IEC 62305-3
(EN 62305-3)
5.5.2 Earth-termination systems, foundation earth electrodes and foundation
earth electrodes for special structural measures
5.5.3 Ring earth electrodes - Earth electrodes Type B
5.5.4 Earth rods - Earth electrodes Type A
5.5.5 Earth electrodes in rocky ground
5.5.6 Intermeshing of earth-termination systems
5.5.7 Corrosion of earth electrodes
5.5.7.1 Earth-termination systems with particular consideration
of corrosion
5.5.7.2 Formation of voltaic cells, corrosion
5.5.7.3 Choice of earth electrode materials
5.5.7.4 Combination of earth electrodes made of different materials
5.5.7.5 Other anticorrosion measures
5.5.8 Materials and minimum dimensions for earth electrodes
5.6 Electrical isolation of the external lightning protection system - Separation distance
5.7 Step and touch voltages
5.7.1 Control of the touch voltage at down conductors of lightning protection systems
6. Internal lightning protection
6.1 Equipotential bonding for metal installations
6.2 Equipotential bonding for low voltag consumer's installations
6.3 Equipotential bonding for information technology installations
7. Protection of electrical and electronic systems against LEMP
7.1 Lightning protection zones concept
7.2 LEMP protection management
7.3 Calculation of the magnetic shield attenuation of building/room shielding
7.3.1 Cable shielding
7.4 Equipotential bonding network
7.5 Equipotential bonding on the boundary of LPZ 0A and LPZ 1
7.5.1 Equipotential bonding for metal installation
7.5.2 Equipotential bonding for power supply installations
7.5.3 Equipotential bonding for information technology installations
7.6 Equipotential bonding on the boundary of LPZ 0A and LPZ 2
7.6.1 Equipotential bonding for metal installations
7.6.2 Equipotential bonding for power supply installations
7.6.3 Equipotential bonding for information technology installations
7.7 Equipotential bonding on the boundary of LPZ 1 and LPZ 2 and higher
7.7.1 Equipotential bonding for metal installations
7.7.2 Equipotential bonding for power supply installations
7.7.3 Equipotential bonding for information technology installations
7.8 Coordination of the protective measures at various LPZ boundaries
7.8.1 Power supply installations
7.8.2 IT installations
7.9 Inspection and maintenance of the LEMP protection
8. Selection, installation, and assembly of surge protective devices (SPDs)
8.1 Power supply systems (within the scope of the lightning protection zones concept according to IEC 62305-4 (EN 62305-4)
8.1.1 Technical characteristics of SPDs
8.1.2 Use of SPDs in various systems
8.1.3 Use of SPDs in TN Systems
8.1.4 Use of SPDs in TT Systems
8.1.5 Use of SPDs in IT Systems
8.1.6 Rating the length of the connecting leads for SPDs
8.1.7 Rating of the terminal cross-sections and the backup protection of surge
protective devices
8.2 Information technology systems
8.2.1 Measuring and control systems
8.2.2 Technical property management
8.2.3 Generic cabling sytems (EDP networks, TC installations)
8.2.4 Intrinsically safe circuits
8.2.5 Special featuress of the installation of SPDs
9. Application proposals
9.1 Surge protection for frequency converters
9.2 Lightning and surge protection for outdoor lightning systems
9.3 Lightning and surge protection for biogas plants
9.4 Lightning and surge protection retrofitting for sewage plants
9.5 Lightning and surge protection for cable networks and antennas for TV, sound signals, and interactive services
9.6 Lightning and surge protection in modern agriculture
9.7 Lightning and surge protection for video surveillance systems
9.8 Surge protection for public address systems (PA systems)
9.9 Surge protection for hazard alert systems
9.10 Lightning and surge protection for KNX-systems
9.11 Surge protection for Ethernet and Fast Ethernet networks
9.12 Surge protection for M-Bus
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9.13 Surge protection for PROIBUS FMS, PROFIBUS DP, and PROFIBUS PA
9.14 Surge protection for telecommunication accesses
9.15 Lightning and surge protection for intrinsically safe circuits
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Chapter 9.15 [160 KB]
9.16 Lightning and surge protection of multi-megawatt wind turbines
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9.17 Surge protection for radio transmitter / receiver stations (mobile radio)
9.17.1 Power supply 230/440 V a.c.
9.17.2 Fixed network connection (if existing)
9.17.3 Radio transmission technology
9.17.4 Lightning protection, earthing, equipotential bonding
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Chapter 9.17 [100 KB]
9.18 Lightning and surge protection for PV systems and solar power plants
9.18.1 Lightning and surge protection for photovoltaic (PV) systems
9.18.2 Lightning and surge protection for solar power plants
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Chapter 9.18 [220 KB]